This Policy Ideas builds on our previous report, “Illicit Trade in Malaysia: Causes and Consequences” (IDEAS, 2017). In this report we outlined the scale of illicit trade in Malaysia, the driving factors behind it and recommendations to address it. In this report, we consider those recommendations in more detail by assessing case studies from other countries where action was taken to stem the flow of illicit trade.

We have complemented the assessment of these case studies with review of the relevant literature and interviews with experts in the field, including from industry and government. Using this analysis, we propose more detailed recommendations for tackling the problem of illicit trade in Malaysia.