ASEAN Integration Report 2025:

Challenges and Opportunities for ASEAN MSME Trade - Insights from the Food and Beverage Industry

Authors: Sharmila Suntherasegarun, Amir Najmi, Priya Kaur Sachdev, and Nimitraa Youganesparan

Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) are central to ASEAN’s economy, yet their participation in cross-border trade remains limited. While ASEAN remains globally competitive, especially in the Food and Beverage (F&B) sector, MSMEs continue to face barriers linked to non-tariff measures (NTMs), fragmented regulations, and uneven logistics — constraints that limit inclusive trade and restrict market access. The ASEAN Integration Report 2025, Challenges and Opportunities for ASEAN MSME Trade — Insights from the Food and Beverage Industry, examines how regulatory divergence, digitalisation gaps, and logistics inefficiencies shape the competitiveness of ASEAN’s F&B trade. The report highlights opportunities to strengthen the region’s trade ecosystem, such as harmonising labelling and halal standards, expanding digital sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) systems, and enhancing cold-chain logistics. These measures can help MSMEs — including women-led enterprises — engage more fully in regional value chains and unlock their potential in the F&B sector.

The research was carried out by IDEAS researchers, incorporating insights from policymakers, business associations, and industry stakeholders gathered through consultations and interviews in Malaysia and Thailand.


Perusahaan Mikro, Kecil, dan Sederhana (PMKS) adalah teras kepada ekonomi ASEAN, namun penyertaan mereka dalam perdagangan rentas sempadan masih terhad. Walaupun ASEAN kekal berdaya saing di peringkat dunia, terutamanya dalam sektor makanan dan minuman (F&B), PMKS masih menghadapi halangan berkaitan langkah bukan tarif (NTMs), peraturan yang berpecah-pecah, dan logistik yang tidak seimbang, lalu mengehadkan perdagangan terangkum dan akses pasaran. Laporan Integrasi ASEAN 2025, Cabaran dan Peluang untuk Perdagangan PMKS ASEAN - Pandangan daripada Industri Makanan dan Minuman, meneliti bagaimana kepelbagaian peraturan, jurang pendigitalan, dan ketidakcekapan logistik membentuk daya saing perdagangan F&B ASEAN. Laporan ini menyoroti peluang untuk memperkukuh ekosistem perdagangan serantau, termasuk menyelaraskan piawaian pelabelan dan halal, memperluas sistem sanitasi dan fitosanitasi (SPS) digital, serta meningkatkan logistik rantaian sejuk. Langkah ini dapat membantu PMKS — termasuk perusahaan yang dipimpin wanita — untuk terlibat lebih menyeluruh dalam rantaian nilai serantau dan merealisasikan potensi mereka dalam sektor F&B.

Kajian ini dijalankan oleh penyelidik IDEAS, dengan menggabungkan pandangan dari penggubal dasar, persatuan perniagaan, dan pemegang taruh industri yang diperoleh melalui sesi libat urus dan temu bual di Malaysia dan Thailand.

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